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Childhood Depression: Info for Caregivers

Depression is a mental illness that affects people of all ages. Despite sharing the same symptoms as adults, depression in children often goes unnoticed and untreated. Children who are depressed may be misunderstood as being shy, difficult, or misbehaved.

The Childhood Depression: Info for Caregivers worksheet teaches parents and caregivers the basics about childhood depression. Psychoeducation helps to normalize depression, while distinguishing it from other problems such as behavioral disorders and anxiety. This worksheet covers common signs of depression in children, as well as treatments, triggers, and other related information.

The treatment of childhood depression requires that caregivers are on board and involved. One goal of this handout is to encourage their participation from the earliest stages of treatment. For more on caregiver involvement, see the Managing Childhood Depression worksheet.

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References

1. American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5®). American Psychiatric Pub.

2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021, March 22). Data and Statistics on Children's Mental Health. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/childrensmentalhealth/data.html

3. Clark, M. S., Jansen, K. L., & Cloy, J. A. (2012). Treatment of childhood and adolescent depression. American family physician, 86(5), 442-448.

4. Cole, P. M., Luby, J., & Sullivan, M. W. (2008). Emotions and the development of childhood depression: Bridging the gap. Child development perspectives, 2(3), 141-148.

5. Dwyer, J. B., & Bloch, M. H. (2019). Antidepressants for pediatric patients. Current psychiatry, 18(9), 26.

6. Garaigordobil, M., Bernarás, E., Jaureguizar, J., & Machimbarrena, J. M. (2017). Childhood depression: relation to adaptive, clinical and predictor variables. Frontiers in psychology, 8, 821.

7. Kelvin, R. (2016). Depression in children and young people. Paediatrics and Child Health, 26(12), 540-547.

8. Klass, P. (2021, April 1). How to Spot Depression in Young Children. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/04/01/well/family/depression-young-children.html

9. Maughan, B., Collishaw, S., & Stringaris, A. (2013). Depression in childhood and adolescence. Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 22(1), 35.

10. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. (2019, June 25). Weigh treatment options with your child's doctor. Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/teen-depression/in-depth/antidepressants/art-20047502

11. Mehler-Wex, C., & Kölch, M. (2008). Depression in children and adolescents. Deutsches Ärzteblatt International, 105(9), 149.

12. Office of the Commissioner. (n.d.). FDA: Don't Leave Childhood Depression Untreated. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/fda-dont-leave-childhood-depression-untreated

13. Selph, S., & McDonagh, M. S. (2019). Depression in children and adolescents: Evaluation and treatment. American family physician, 100(10), 609-617.

14. Son, S. E., & Kirchner, J. T. (2000, November 15). Depression in Children and Adolescents. American Family Physician. https://www.aafp.org/afp/2000/1115/p2297.html

15. Stanford Children's Health. Stanford Children's Health - Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford. (n.d.). https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=major-depression-in-children-90-P02569

16. Yale Medicine. (2019, November 22). Depression in Children and Teens. Yale Medicine. https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/depression-in-children-and-teens

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